racemic mixture  (Bio-Techne corporation)

Journal: Schizophrenia Bulletin

Article Title: Erbb4 Deletion From Inhibitory Interneurons Causes Psychosis-Relevant Neuroimaging Phenotypes

doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbac192

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative hippocampal regions of interests for quantitative autoradiography. (A) Regions of interests sampled for [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 and [ 3 H]flumazenil. (B) Regions of interests sampled for [ 3 H]UCB-J. dHip CA1: dorsal hippocampus CA1; mHip CA3: middle hippocampus CA3; mHip CA1/2: middle hippocampus CA1/CA2; vHip CA3: ventral hippocampus CA3; dHip DG: dorsal hippocampus dentate gyrus; mHip DG: middle hippocampus dentate gyrus.

Article Snippet: To quantify density of α5GABA A R, sections were incubated for 60 min at room temperature in 2 nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 (Perkin Elmer, NET925250UC), or in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 with 10 µM bretazenil (Sigma, B6434) for nonspecific binding.

Techniques: Autoradiography

Journal: Schizophrenia Bulletin

Article Title: Erbb4 Deletion From Inhibitory Interneurons Causes Psychosis-Relevant Neuroimaging Phenotypes

doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbac192

Figure Lengend Snippet: SV2A density, but not α5GABA A R or α1-3;5GABA A R, is decreased in Lhx6-Cre;Erbb4 F/F mice across the hippocampus. (A) [ 3 H]UCB-J autoradiography showed a significant decrease in binding in Lhx6-Cre;Erbb4 F/F mice ( n = 11, 8 female, 3 male) compared to control animals ( n = 9, 3 female, 6 male) across all hippocampal ROIs ( P = .02, η 2 = 0.29). (B) [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 ( Erbb4 F/F n = 11, 5 female, 6 male; Lhx6;Erbb4 F/F n = 10, 7 female, 3 male) or (C) [ 3 H]flumazenil ( Erbb4 F/F n = 10, 4 female, 6 male; Lhx6;Erbb4 F/F n = 9, 7 female, 2 male) binding did not significantly differ by genotype. dHip CA1: dorsal hippocampus CA1; mHip CA3: middle hippocampus CA3; mHip CA1/2: middle hippocampus CA1/CA2; vHip CA3: ventral hippocampus CA3; dHip DG: dorsal hippocampus dentate gyrus; mHip DG: dentate gyrus.

Article Snippet: To quantify density of α5GABA A R, sections were incubated for 60 min at room temperature in 2 nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 (Perkin Elmer, NET925250UC), or in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 with 10 µM bretazenil (Sigma, B6434) for nonspecific binding.

Techniques: Autoradiography, Binding Assay, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Erbb4 deletion from fast-spiking interneurons causes psychosis-relevant neuroimaging phenotypes

doi: 10.1101/2022.03.07.483347

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative hippocampal regions of interests. (A) Regions of interests sampled for [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 and [ 3 H]flumazenil. (B) Regions of interests sampled for [ 3 H]UCB-J. dHip CA1: dorsal hippocampus CA1; mHip CA3: middle hippocampus CA3; mHip CA1/2: middle hippocampus CA1/CA2; vHip CA3: ventral hippocampus CA3; dHip DG: dorsal hippocampus dentate gyrus; mHip DG: middle hippocampus dentate gyrus.

Article Snippet: To quantify density of α5GABA A R – sections were incubated for 60 minutes at room temperature in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 (Perkin Elmer, NET925250UC), or in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 with 10 µM bretazenil (Sigma, B6434) for nonspecific binding.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Erbb4 deletion from fast-spiking interneurons causes psychosis-relevant neuroimaging phenotypes

doi: 10.1101/2022.03.07.483347

Figure Lengend Snippet: [ 3 H]UCB-J, but not [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 or [ 3 H]flumazenil binding in Lhx6-Cre;Erbb4 F/F mice is decreased across the hippocampus. (A) [ 3 H]UCB-J showed a significant decrease in synaptic density in Lhx6-Cre;Erbb4 F/F mice (n=11) compared to control animals (n=9) across all hippocampal ROIs (mixed effects analysis; main effect of genotype: F (1,18) =7.27, p =0.02, ). (B) [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 (n=10-11/group) and (C) [ 3 H]flumazenil (n=9-10/group) binding did not differ by genotype. dHip CA1: dorsal hippocampus CA1; mHip CA3: middle hippocampus CA3; mHip CA1/2: middle hippocampus CA1/CA2; vHip CA3: ventral hippocampus CA3; dHip DG: dorsal hippocampus dentate gyrus; mHip DG: dentate gyrus.

Article Snippet: To quantify density of α5GABA A R – sections were incubated for 60 minutes at room temperature in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 (Perkin Elmer, NET925250UC), or in 2nM [ 3 H]Ro15-4513 with 10 µM bretazenil (Sigma, B6434) for nonspecific binding.

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: British Journal of Pharmacology

Article Title: Gonadal hormone‐independent sex differences in GABA A receptor activation in rat embryonic hypothalamic neurons

doi: 10.1111/bph.15037

Figure Lengend Snippet: GABAA receptor‐mediated intracellular calcium increase depends on L‐type VDCC. Mean Cal‐520 fluorescence (F/F 0, average of neuronal population) after stimulation with (a) 10‐μM muscimol, a potent agonist of GABAA receptors, (c) 10‐μM GABA + 50‐μM bicuculline (BICU), a competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors, and (e) 10‐μM GABA + 20‐μM nifedipine (NIFE), a specific L‐type VDCC blocker, in cultured male and female hypothalamic neurons. Bars represent drug exposure time. (b) Maximum amplitudes (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM muscimol stimulation in male and female neurons. Values represent the mean ± SEM. (d) Maximum amplitudes (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM GABA stimulation and 10‐μM GABA + 50 μM bicuculline in male and female neurons. Values represent the mean ± SEM. *P < .05, significantly different from GABA alone; Student's t test. (f) Maximum amplitude (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM GABA stimulation and 10‐μM GABA + 20‐μM nifedipine of male and female neurons. Values represent the means ± SEM. # P < .05, significantly different from females; *P < .05 significantly different from GABA alone; Student's t test

Article Snippet: Materials The following compounds were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK): bicuculline, Ro 15‐4513 and THIP.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Cell Culture

Journal: British Journal of Pharmacology

Article Title: Gonadal hormone‐independent sex differences in GABA A receptor activation in rat embryonic hypothalamic neurons

doi: 10.1111/bph.15037

Figure Lengend Snippet: GABAA receptor‐mediated intracellular calcium increase depends on L‐type VDCC. Mean Cal‐520 fluorescence (F/F 0, average of neuronal population) after stimulation with (a) 10‐μM muscimol, a potent agonist of GABAA receptors, (c) 10‐μM GABA + 50‐μM bicuculline (BICU), a competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors, and (e) 10‐μM GABA + 20‐μM nifedipine (NIFE), a specific L‐type VDCC blocker, in cultured male and female hypothalamic neurons. Bars represent drug exposure time. (b) Maximum amplitudes (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM muscimol stimulation in male and female neurons. Values represent the mean ± SEM. (d) Maximum amplitudes (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM GABA stimulation and 10‐μM GABA + 50 μM bicuculline in male and female neurons. Values represent the mean ± SEM. *P < .05, significantly different from GABA alone; Student's t test. (f) Maximum amplitude (peak) of Ca2+ signals after 10‐μM GABA stimulation and 10‐μM GABA + 20‐μM nifedipine of male and female neurons. Values represent the means ± SEM. # P < .05, significantly different from females; *P < .05 significantly different from GABA alone; Student's t test

Article Snippet: The following compounds were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK): bicuculline, Ro 15‐4513 and THIP.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Cell Culture